Монгол улс Mongol uls Mongolia
Flag Coat of arms Anthem: "Монгол улсын төрийн дуулал" National anthem of Mongolia
Capital (and largest city) Ulan Bator 47°55′N, 106°53′E Official languages Mongolian Demonym Mongolian[1]   Government Parliamentary republic  -  President Nambaryn Enkhbayar  -  Prime Minister Sanjaagiin Bayar Formation  -  Formation of the Mongol Empire 1206   -  Independence from Qing Dynasty declared December 29, 1911  Area  -  Total 1,564,116 km² (19th) 603,909 sq mi   -  Water (%) 0.6	Population  -  July 2007 estimate 2,951,786[2] (139th)  -  2000 census 2,407,500[3]   -  Density 1.7/km² (238th) 4.4/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2007 estimate  -  Total $8.448 billion (143th)  -  Per capita $2,900 (130th) Gini (2002) 32.8 (medium)  HDI (2007) ▲ 0.700 (medium) (114th) Currency Tögrög (MNT) Time zone (UTC+7 to +8[4][5]) Internet TLD .mn Calling code +976

Mongolia (pronounced /mɒŋˈɡoʊliə/; Mongolian: Монгол улс (help·info), ) is a landlocked country in East-Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and China to the south. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest city, is home to about 38% of the population. Mongolia's political system is a parliamentary republic.

At 1,564,116 square kilometres, Mongolia is the nineteenth largest, and the most sparsely populated independent country in the world with a population of around 2.9 million people. It is also the world's second-largest landlocked country after Kazakhstan. The country contains very little arable land, as much of its area is covered by arid and unproductive steppes, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Approximately thirty percent of the country's 2.9 million people are nomadic or semi-nomadic. The predominant religion in Mongolia is Tibetan Buddhism, and the majority of the state's citizens are of the Mongol ethnicity, though Kazakhs, Tuvans, and other minorities also live in the country, especially in the west.